Seven Wonders of the World Guide

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The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, alternatively referred to as the Seven Wonders of the World or simply the Seven Wonders, comprises a catalog of seven remarkable structures that existed during classical antiquity. The earliest documented list of these seven wonders can be traced back to the 2nd-1st century BC.

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

Pyramid of Giza, Egypt

These three colossal pyramid structures located on the Giza Plateau in Egypt, were serving as tombs for the Pharaohs Khufu (Cheops), Khafre (Chephren), and Menkaure (Mykerinus). The Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only wonder that has remained largely intact. It is estimated to have been built over a 27-year period and is constructed from over 2.3 million blocks of stone, each weighing an average of 2.5 tons.

The Hanging Gardens of Babylon

The Hanging Gardens are considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, alongside the Pyramids. Described as lush, tiered gardens overflowing with plants and flowers, they were supposedly built by King Nebuchadnezzar II for his wife, Queen Amytis. Unlike the Pyramids, there's no definitive archaeological evidence for the Hanging Gardens' location in Babylon (present-day Iraq). There's also no mention of them in Babylonian texts. Some theories suggest similar gardens in Assyria, another ancient Mesopotamian kingdom, might have inspired the legend.

The Statue of Zeus at Olympia

The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was a magnificent wonder of the ancient world, though it sadly doesn't grace us today. Created by the famed Greek sculptor Phidias around 435 BC, the statue depicted Zeus, king of the Greek gods, seated on a golden throne. Towering over 40 feet (12.4 meters) tall, it was constructed from gold, ivory, ebony, and precious stones, making it a dazzling sight within the Temple of Zeus at Olympia.

The Colossus of Rhodes

Built around 280 BC, this colossal statue depicted Helios, the Greek sun god. It stood proudly in the harbor of Rhodes, a Greek island, celebrating the island's victory against a siege by Demetrius Poliorcetes. The Colossus was a true giant, estimated to be around 70 cubits tall, which translates to roughly 33 meters (108 feet). Constructed from bronze plates laid over an iron framework, the Colossus was a marvel of engineering for its time. Sadly, earthquakes in 226 BC toppled the Colossus, leaving it in ruins.

The Lighthouse of Alexandria

The Lighthouse of Alexandria, also sometimes referred to as the Pharos of Alexandria, was a truly awe-inspiring structure of the ancient world. Built around 280 BC during the reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus, it served as a vital landmark for ships entering the harbor of Alexandria, Egypt. Standing at an estimated height of over 100 meters (330 feet), it was one of the tallest man-made structures in the world for centuries, rivaled only by the pyramids of Giza. The Lighthouse stood for over 1,500 years, enduring earthquakes and weathering before succumbing to damage from several tremors between the 10th and 14th centuries AD.

The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus was a wonder of the ancient world, though unlike some on this list, it hasn't survived the test of time. Built around 550 BCE in Ephesus, an ancient Greek city located in modern-day Turkey, the temple was dedicated to the revered Greek goddess Artemis, protector of women, wildlife, and wilderness.

This colossal temple was renowned for its sheer size and architectural beauty. Rebuilt several times after destruction, the last iteration boasted 127 massive columns, each reaching an impressive 17.5 meters (57 feet) in height. The temple faced a series of unfortunate events. A man named Herostratus burned it down in 356 BCE for notoriety. It was later rebuilt, only to be damaged by earthquakes and eventually looted by Goths in 262 CE.

The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

Built between 353 and 350 BC in Halicarnassus (present-day Bodrum, Turkey), it served as a grand tomb for Mausolus, a ruler of Caria, and his wife Artemisia II of Caria. This colossal structure was a masterpiece, designed by the renowned Greek architects Satyros and Pythius. It combined elements of Greek, Egyptian, and Lycian architectural styles, creating a unique and awe-inspiring monument.

The Mausoleum rose in tiers, each adorned with intricate sculptures and friezes depicting scenes from Greek mythology and the lives of Mausolus and Artemisia. The topmost tier likely held a massive statue chariot drawn by horses.

The new seven wonders of the world

The New 7 Wonders Foundation, a Swiss organization, initiated a worldwide campaign in 2001, encouraging online voting to select the new Seven Wonders of the World. The winners were unveiled gradually, with the final results announced by 2007.

The Great Wall, China

The Great Wall of China stands as an awe-inspiring testament to human ingenuity and perseverance. Spanning thousands of miles across the northern borders of China, this monumental structure is a symbol of both defense and unity. Built over centuries by successive Chinese dynasties, the Great Wall comprises a series of fortifications, ranging from solid stone walls to natural barriers like hills and rivers.

Taj Mahal, India

The Taj Mahal, a masterpiece of Mughal architecture, is an enduring symbol of love and beauty. Located in Agra, India, this majestic mausoleum was commissioned by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal, who died during childbirth. Constructed between 1631 and 1648, the Taj Mahal is renowned for its stunning white marble facade, intricate carvings, and symmetrical layout.

Petra, Jordan

Petra, nestled in the rugged desert landscape of Jordan, is an ancient city steeped in mystery and wonder. Carved into rose-red cliffs by the Nabataeans over two millennia ago, this UNESCO World Heritage site boasts a remarkable blend of natural beauty and architectural marvels. The city's most iconic structure, Al-Khazneh, or the Treasury, captivates visitors with its intricate facades and towering presence. As you wander through Petra's narrow canyons, known as Siq, you'll encounter tombs, temples, and other ancient remnants, each telling a story of the city's rich history and cultural heritage.

The Colosseum, Italy

Located in the heart of Rome, Italy, this colossal amphitheater once hosted spectacular gladiatorial contests, animal hunts, and other public spectacles that captivated the masses. Constructed from concrete and sand, the Colosseum's iconic elliptical shape and towering tiers of seating are a marvel of engineering and design.

Despite the ravages of time and the elements, the Colosseum remains an iconic landmark, drawing visitors from around the world to marvel at its grandeur and immerse themselves in the rich history of ancient Rome.

Chichén Itzá, Mexico

Located in the lush jungles of Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula, Chichén Itzá is an ancient Mayan archaeological site steeped in mystery and splendor. Dominated by the iconic El Castillo pyramid, which rises dramatically above the surrounding landscape, Chichen Itza boasts a wealth of architectural marvels, including temples, ball courts, and sacred cenotes. This UNESCO World Heritage site was once a thriving urban center and ceremonial hub, serving as a testament to the Mayan civilization's sophisticated understanding of astronomy, mathematics, and architecture.

Today, the safest places to travel in México continue to mesmerize visitors with its enigmatic ruins and rich cultural heritage, offering a glimpse into the ancient world of the Maya.

Christ the Redeemer, Brazil

A towering statue perched atop Rio de Janeiro's Corcovado mountain, is an iconic symbol of Brazil's vibrant culture and faith. This monumental Art Deco sculpture depicts Jesus Christ with outstretched arms, overlooking the city in a gesture of blessing and protection.

Completed in 1931 and standing at a height of 30 meters (98 feet), Christ the Redeemer is not only a marvel of engineering but also a beacon of hope and unity for people around the world.

Machu Picchu, Peru

This UNESCO World Heritage site, often referred to as the "Lost City of the Incas," sits atop a steep ridge overlooking the Sacred Valley, surrounded by mist-shrouded peaks and lush cloud forests. Built in the 15th century and abandoned during the Spanish conquest, Machu Picchu remained hidden from the outside world until its rediscovery in 1911 by American explorer Hiram Bingham.

Today, it stands as one of the world's most iconic archaeological sites, with its intricate stone terraces, temples, and dwellings offering a glimpse into the rich history and spiritual significance of the Inca people.

Whether you're gazing in awe at Machu Picchu's ancient terraces or exploring any of the other modern wonders of the world, a well-planned trip goes beyond just booking tickets and packing bags. Preparing for the unexpected with travel insurance can add an extra layer of comfort, letting you focus on creating unforgettable memories in these incredible destinations. Safe travels!

Frequently Asked Questions about the Seven Wonders of the Ancient and Modern World

What are the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World?

The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World are: the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon in Iraq, the Statue of Zeus at Olympia in Greece, the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus in Turkey, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus in Turkey, the Colossus of Rhodes in Greece, and the Lighthouse of Alexandria in Egypt.

What criteria were used to select the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World?

The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World were selected for their extraordinary architectural and artistic achievements, reflecting the grandeur and ingenuity of ancient civilizations. They were chosen based on factors such as size, beauty, and the technological innovation required for their construction.

What are the Seven Wonders of the Modern World?

The Seven Wonders of the Modern World, also known as the New7Wonders, are: the Great Wall of China in China, Petra in Jordan, Christ the Redeemer in Brazil, Machu Picchu in Peru, Chichen Itza in Mexico, the Roman Colosseum in Italy, and the Taj Mahal in India.

How were the Seven Wonders of the Modern World chosen?

The Seven Wonders of the Modern World were chosen through a global poll conducted by the New7Wonders Foundation in 2007. Millions of people worldwide voted to select these seven monuments from a list of 21 finalists, representing cultural and historical significance, architectural beauty, and the impact on global heritage.

Are any of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still standing today?

Yes, the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt is the only remaining wonder of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It has survived for thousands of years and continues to be a symbol of ancient engineering and cultural achievement.

Why are there different lists of the "Seven Wonders"?

There are different lists of the "Seven Wonders" because they represent different time periods and achievements. The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World showcase the most remarkable structures of antiquity, while the Seven Wonders of the Modern World highlight significant architectural and cultural sites that have gained recognition in recent history.